CROWNと鉄壁

Lesson 3　Hatching the Egg of Hope

❶ hatch (2101), anger (756), injustice (797), pass by ∼ (pass p.509), bring ∼ together (bring p.488), live a ∼ life (life 1923) ❷ orphan (364/1017), urge (190), frighten (464), refuse (1404), imaginary (205), according (509), turning (turn p.482), career (919), according to ∼ (509) ❸ disaster (1273), supply (182), donate (1473), creation (1124), condition (1028), destroy (50) ❹ represent (429), (be) based on ∼ (66)

Lesson 4　Digging into Mystery

❶ mystery (myth 1235), prehistory (1934), introduction (363), prehistoric (1934), impress (707), artifact (artificial 1244), mysterious (myth 1235), incidentally (1022) ❷ structure (48), evidnece (41), permanently (250), climate (1267) ❸ cultural (1090), pregnant (913), pray (1313), unique (30), triangular (rectangular 2151), ritual (1215) ❹ conclusion (588), exert (687), influence (675), inspire (1857), enable (455), get to ∼ (get p.489), come to ∼ (come p.486)

Lesson 5　Roots & Shoots

❶ conserve (1044), interview (1842), somehow (1944), observe (432), behavior (1039), determined (1019), advantage (630) ❷ cruel (490), male (945), community (953), territory (344), indeed (1992), I mean (mean 427) ❸ conservation (1044), comment (555), besides (1980), disease (1145), cure (1157), connected (1827), grain (1097), environment (1238), make up ∼ (1511) ❹ consequence (8), lie in ∼ (476), break through ∼ (breakthrough 1881)

Lesson 6　You and Your Smartphone

❶ charge (1933), bend (95), private (942), estimate (592), rapidly (262), rate (1448), average (858), teeenager (age 267), indicate (652), on average (858) ❷ decade (271), relate (492), amuse (770), media (1110), constant (257), technology (1877), benefit (313), practical (200), instance (1991), emergency (380), find one's way (1573) ❸ negative (1733), effect (678), entertain (769), negatively (1733), development (1246), mental (1653), physical (1144), adult (910), risk (472), distract (1475), attention (414), mode (1849), solve (447), focus (79), pay attention to ∼ (414), focus one's attention (on ∼) (414/79) ❹ mentally (1653), rely (702), replace (371), spread (94), ability (229), independently (701), impact (676), moderation (1425), to make matters worse (matter 9)

Lesson 7　Living in Alaska

❶ remote (368), tiny (24), mayor (1084) ❷ vast (833), expanse (119), wilderness (1792), temperature (1268), degree (1442), melt (131), horizen (1737) ❸ successful (650), elder (911), prayer (1313), instruction (1854), the right moment (at the moment 259) ❹ attract (101), Arctic (1276), concerned (412), come to (one's) mind (come to 1536), set ∼ free (1625)

Lesson 8　Not So Long Ago

❶ exhibition (478), feature (27), ancient (293), progress (1045), achieve (292), freedom (147), equality (514), particularly (32), go through (1161/244/go p.487) ❷ interviewer (1842), deserve (1002), take off ∼ (take p.482), turn around (turn p.482) ❸ operation (1161) ❹ journalist (1113), witness (787)

Lesson 9　Our Lost Friend

❶ moreover (1981), scatter (93), permission (154), translate (664), gain (245), delegation (2018), (be) in ∼ condition (1028) ❷ soul (1655), attraction (101), embodiment (1494), ancestor (293), legend (1236), insert (106), ambassador (1069) ❸ discuss (605), proposal (450), deny (441), security (1781), controlled (683), environmental (1238), scholar (594), access (1783), argue (607), heritage (935), object (502), point of view (view 872) ❹ critic (550), colonial (1949), present-day (at present 260), precedent (279), entire (1439), desire (637)

Lesson 10　Good Ol' Charlie Brown

❶ cartoon (1121), cartoonist (1121), publish (1118), capture (150) ❷ compete (705), aspect (44), incident (1022), compete with ∼ (705), focus on ∼ (79), put ∼ into...(put p.484) ❸ failure (454), sensitive (722), wealth (302) ❹ burst (130), fame (394), define (36), courage (191), individual (940), be likely to ∼ (1353) ❺ author (686), encouragement (191), sensitivity (722), come out (come p.486)

CROWN English Communication Ⅱ (2023)

Lesson 1　Lost in Translation

❶ translation (664), tempt (1369), professor (1873), completely (247), bilingual (521), expression (708), loss (697), assumption (430), corresponding (508), translate ∼ into...(664)　❷ attractive (101), essence (4), consult (540), detailed (45), aesthetic (1830), concept (719), complex (85), impossible (possibly 1355), abstract (867), equivalent (515), define ∼ as...(36), look out at ∼ (look p.508) ❸ linguist (521), restless (1745), beat (696), amazing (462), comfortably (480), amount (830), conceptualize (719), go beyond (go p.487), take a break (take p.482) ❹ conclude (588), stroll (1701), non-native (1228), allow (155), pile ∼ up (1329)

Lesson 2　One Book Can Empower a Child

❶ volunteer (145), association (496), NGO (govern 1059 / organize 82), fee (331), quit (925), decent (1775), fragment (1453), envy (963) ❷ cooperate (992), extremely (1429), leaky (132), lack (1462), take ∼ out to...(take p.482) ❸ illiterate (524), expand (119), diplomat (1067) ❹ staff (1305), storytelling (1908), absorb (100), it takes ∼ (take p.482)

Lesson 3　Accessible Japan

❶ accessible (1783), disability (229), diagnose (1156), severe (1801), electric (1891), facility (1865), nursery (nurture 1388), despite (1979), employee (1134), be diagnosed with ∼ (1156), ❷ location (364), accessibility (1783), fortunately (310), occasion (254), ❸ challenge (1836), overcome (224), divide (91), barrier (1788), disabled (229), tend (1347), economy (295) ❹ firmly (435), objective (502), vary (520), involve (1032), spirit (1654), in the spirit of ∼ (1654)

Lesson 4　Crossing the Border

❶ border (342), establish (56), injured (1660), regardless (410), religion (1192), politics (1042), organization (82), refugee (1404), regardless of ∼ (410) ❷ interpreter (545), equipment (185), patient (1154), soldier (1960), weapon (1963), put away ∼ (put p.484) ❸ oxygen (1187), pale (1670), improve (446) ❹ compassion (750), countless (10), minority (843), confidence (1196), put ∼ into action (put p.484)

Lesson 5　Mental Toughness

❶ perform (218), potential (233), calm (488), require (635), technique (1784) ❷ self-confidence (1196), plague (1171), negativity (1733), consider (899) ❸ emotion (748), muscle (1680), performance (219), cue (2097), scared (465), double-fault (fault 792) ❹ visualize (725), roar (2092), occur (1025), serve (1650), alleviate (2130), nervousness (747)

Lesson 6　Walking in Gaudi's Footsteps

❶ devote (1036), construction (49), carve (2096), solidly (1183), atmosphere (1248), devote ∼ to...(1036) ❷ underway (under way 1577), instinct (743), architect (51) discourage (2010), expectation (444), congratulation (984), chance upon ∼ (1913) ❸ practically (200), suspicion (643), prove (589), definitely (36), nerve (747), annoy (760) ❹ dedicate (654), inspiration (1857), absolutely (493), struggle (235), tomb (928), path (1324), philosophy (897), encounter (1483), passion (749), optimistic (877), loose (1815)

Lesson 7　Why Biomimicry?

❶ biomimicry (biology 531), conform (510), accomplish (243), institution (53), exist (443), educate (1852), harmful (471), carbon dioxide (1263), global warming (1261), maintain (608), sustainable (1247) ❷ imitation (114), imitate (114), sustain (1247), threaten (711), fuel (1258), weight (1385) ❸ environmentally (1238), air conditioning (condition 1028), repellent (1480), surface (75), generation (385), sportswear (wear 1410) ❹ aware (879), judge (798), innovation (1878), tool (1883), survival (409)

Lesson 8　Invisible No Longer

❶ invisible (726), nutritional (1386), account (411), industry (1086) ❷ toddler (907), harvest (1092), attach (113), pole (1277), income (326), financial (296), gender (949), gap (1789) ❸ Fairtrade (trade 1126), management (1136), transformation (663), negotiate (622), task (206), budget (314), previously (278) ❹ knowledge (885), unstable (55), worthy (1001), promote (186), awareness (879)

Lesson 9　Nudges

❶ experimental (582), basic (67), effective (678), resuslt in ∼ (468) ❷ experiment (582), properly (1427), sensor (721), underground (ground 68), capital (310), manner (1909) ❸ socially (society 952), beneficial (313), trial (796), subscription (547), automatically (1899), involuntary (145), purchase (315), salary (482), in one's best interest (interest 311) ❹ reminder (905), propose (450), misleading (lead 469), reject (440), welfare (1064), proper (1427), improper (1427), evaluate (1005), basis (67)

Lesson 10　Are We Alone?

❶ orbit (2042), galaxy (2110), universe (813), astronomer (601), unlikely (likely 1353), explode (129), deal in ∼ (deal 1127) ❷ extra-solar (extra 1432), unsuitable (1380), proportion (1449), regard (410), essential (4), liquid (1184), rare (252), be covered with ∼ (1900) ❸ assume (430), strictly (135), mass (1111), gravity (2041) ❹ sum (831), habitable (1400), extreme (1429), random (1806), equip (185), seek (212), meaningful (327), identify (887), sensible (723), implausible (2124), investigation (576)

CROWN English Communication Ⅲ (2024)

Lesson 1　How Language Shpes the Way We Think

❶ cognitive (884), transmit (659), differ (519), vocabulary (574), forth (back and forth 1597), weigh (1385) ❷ landscape (1255) ❸ realm (373), quantity (827), folk (1234), linguistic (521), boundary (343), differentiate (519), lifetime (1923), distinguish (35), categorize (377), perceptually (718), discriminate (1224), whereas (1983) ❹ specify (34), requirement (635), diversity (518), reveal (87), ingenious (2069), tragic (1237)

Lesson 2　Weak Robots

❶ servant (1925), slave (1950), autonomous (2138), prove (589), wander (1699), vision (726) ❷ dependence (700), defect (1173), virtue (771), interaction (1375), sociable (952), defective (1173), dehumanize (2142) ❸ artificial intelligence (artificial 1244 / intelligence 889), intimate (956), satisfaction (459), infant (906), coexistence (443), explore (354), colleague (1876), one-armed (arms 1957), infer (544), intention (197), interpersonal (941) ❹ theoretical (579), implication (543), present-day (at present 260), rapid (262), sector (1087), device (728), companionship (1848), comfort (480), application (415), companion (1848), possibly (1355)

Lesson 3　Fake News Is Everywhere: Beware!

❶ obtain (244), misinformation (904), cope (225), epidemic (1170), tissue (1844), stock (300), shortage (1465), rumor (484) ❷ phenomenon (1271), exaggerate (616), official (491), contribute (669), expose (89), destructive (50), discerning (2025) ❸ regulation (682), strategy (1965), ashamed (746), recognition (883), ignorance (20), philosopher (897), bias (871), prejudice (870), disagree (606), psychologist (532), tendency (1347) ❹ edit (1119), anonymous (2126), insider (inside out 1599), appeal (1371), sensational (724), obligation (144), massive (1111)

Lesson 4　Beyond What Nature Intends

p.52 intend (197) p.54 prominent (22), scale (1424), route (routine 1416), reasonable (863), brutal (865), windchill (chill 1304) p.55 surrender (698), airlift (air 1914) p.56 artificial (1244), crude (1778), modification (1496), stiffness (1756) p.57 competitor (705), enroll (1859), Ph.D (897), biophysics (biology 531 / physics 1144), string (133), breakthrough (1881), R&D (research 575 / development 1246), lab (587), biology (531), electronics (1892), restore (1497) p.58 limb (1688), comparable (512), biological (531), paralysis (1153), synthetic (2059), eliminate (174), extend (140), replacement (371), fundamentally (61), redefine (36)

Lesson 5　How to Beat Procrastination

p.68 psychology (532), lifelong (life 1923) p.69 rational (862), maker (make p.480), coexist (exist 443), gratification (755), maximize (844) p.70 embarrassment (745), wheel (1895), regain (gain 245), desperate (767), occasionally (254), immersed (2158) p.72 distraction (1475), fierce (1763), resistance (690), p.73 accomplishment (243), self-esteem (989), suppress (710), diminish (847), impulse (744) p.74 short-term (term 422), succeed (650), resist (690), persistence (237), yield (699), core (74), regret (458), severely (1801)

Lesson 6　Today's Treasure, Tomorrow's Trash

p.86 trend (1348), e-waste (1250), high-tech (technology 1877), manufacturer (1122), toxic (1182), leak (132), chemical (1181), emit (99), greenhouse (1262) p.87 federal (1077), agency (1138), uncover (1900), lifespan (life 1923), outdated (out of date 290), remarkable (554), conclusive (588), proof (589), speculate (644), intentionally (197), boost (189), obsolescence (2127) p.88 gadget (1889), furthermore (1982), emission (99), associated (496), production (1123), obsolete (2127), prevention (160), authorized (685), unable (enable 455) p.89 obviously (40), incentive (1858), monopoly (820), otherwise (1995), momentum (2037), aim (103), technician (1784), campaign (1845), spare (322), claim (610), carbon dioxide (1263) p.90 eco- (ecology 1241), standard (1008), obtainable (244), bill (1078), suit (1380), legislation (1071), disposable (176 / dispose 2141), ecological (1241), cherish (1003)

Lesson 7　Only Camera Lens between Us

p.100 reintegrate (1774), disarmament (arms 1957), demobilization (automobile 1894), reintegration (1774), crucial (6), specialist (596), majority (842), flee (1315) p.101 heal (1158), specialty (596), resolution (1020), website (1840), specialize (596), initiate (1780), sewing (2105) p.102 facilitate (1865), expertise (593), ceasefire (168), disarm (1957) p.103 vulnerable (1754), civil (1942), persuade (628), convinced (627) p.104 deprive (170), willpower (1920), option (1016), background (920), overwhelm (1487), sympathize (959)

Lesson 8　Super Clone Cultural Properties

p.114 clone (1179) p.116 artifact (1244), reproduce (1123), put～on display (put p.484), series (1793), delighted (753), be delighted to～ (753), regular (1796), asset (306), dilemma (1790), preserve (1245), make～available to the public (available 317) ≓ allow anyone access to～ (allow 155 / access 1783), preservation (1245) p.177 reproduction (1123), as in the case of～ (case 426) ≓ as illustrated by～ (591), accurate (47), gene (1176) p.118 impressive (707), supplement (2140), supplement～with... ≓ add...to～ (853), measurement (1006), academic (595), reference (539), faithfully (193), analysis (586), casting (cast 1293) p.119 transcend (2011), completely separately from～ (complete 247), deterioration (2032), currently (289), bloom (387), blossom (387), soak (1291), subtle (1772), irregularity (1796) p.120 pass～on to...(1619), restoration (1497), instrumental (1885), appropriate (1428)

Lesson 9　Culture in the Animal Kingdom

p.132 take one's eyes off～ (take p.482), take up～ (take p.482), live on (1630) ≓ continue to exist (exist 443), arise (381), spontaneously (146), definition (36), biologist (531), exclusive (357), nonsense (721), evolutionary (1240), pass down～ (1619) P.133 fashionista (1413), appearance (442), rub (1285), elaborately (1728), bower (bow 1283) p.134 plunge (1492), out of the blue ≓ unexpectedly (expect 444), slap (2099), skeptic (2026) p.135 ordinarily (15), settle (351), migration (348), instinctive (743), observation (432), migratory (348) p.136 circumstance (1029), extinct (407), flock (1108), migrate (348), increasingly (849), reluctant (1361), be reluctant to～ (1361) ≓ be not willing to～ (1360), the most flourishing period (flourish 386 / period 266)

Lesson 10　Does Money Make You Mean?

p.146 inequality (514), entitlement (633), self-interest (311), empathy (960), decrease (850), economic (295), prosper (388), favor (470), in favor of～ (470) ≓ to the advantage of～ stranger (advantage 630), celebration (918), slap～down (2099), boastful (617) p.147 metaphor (564), greed (1395), pursuit (211), portion (1452) p.148 participate (1030), developmental (1246), put～above...(put p.484) ≓ treat～as more important than...(treat 1159), interest (311) ≓ benefit (313), apply oneself (415), pursue (211) be out of reach (reach out for 1623), There's every reason to～ ≓ There's very good reason to～ (863), be concerned about～ (concern 412), crime (776), outcome (327) p.149 be out of control ≓ be impossible to control (683), laboratory (587), generous (158), empathetic (960) p.150 fellow feeling (fellow 944), innate (2128), slight (25), inequity (514), fortune (301), charity (1811)